Learn the Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

CKD is divided into 5 stages based on levels of kidney function. Your stage is determined by your estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)—a measurement of how well your kidneys are cleaning your blood. The goal at each CKD stage is to take care of your health so you can slow the progression of CKD and keep your kidneys working as long as possible.

Possible signs and symptoms

• High blood pressure
• Urinary tract infections
• Abnormal urine test
• Possible to have no symptoms at all

Steps to take

• See your primary care physician (PCP) regularly to monitor your health and eGFR rate.
• Treat symptoms and underlying health conditions (high blood pressure, diabetes) or infections.
• Take your medications as prescribed and talk to your doctor before taking new medications.
• Make healthy lifestyle changes like eating well, exercising, and quitting smoking.

Possible signs and symptoms

• Symptoms from CKD stages 1 and 2
• Anemia
• Decreased appetite
• Numbness or tingling
• Decreased mental sharpness
• Feeling unwell
• Fatigue
• Dry or itchy skin

Steps to take

• Talk to your PCP about changes in your lab results and any symptoms you may be having.
• Get a referral to a kidney doctor (nephrologist).
• Meet with a renal dietitian to learn more about your nutritional needs and how to eat a kidney-friendly diet.
• Modify treatment as needed for any underlying conditions.
• Make healthy lifestyle changes like eating well, exercising, and quitting smoking.

Possible signs and symptoms

• Symptoms from CKD stages 1, 2, 3a, and 3b
• Anemia
• Decreased appetite and/or weight loss
• Bone disease or pain
• Abnormal blood levels of phosphorus, calcium, or vitamin D
• High potassium
• Increased acid levels in the blood
• Nausea and/or vomiting
• Swelling
• Fatigue
• Dry or itchy skin
• Trouble concentrating
• Trouble sleeping

Steps to take

• Learn about different treatment options and choose the one that’s best for you.
• If you’ve chosen home dialysis, begin to prepare your space and schedule a visit with an at-home nurse.
• If you’ve chosen in-center dialysis, tour a local center to get your questions answered.
• Choose an access type and take steps to get it placed.
• Start building your support network of people who can encourage you along the way.
• Make healthy lifestyle changes like eating well, exercising, and quitting smoking.

Possible signs and symptoms

• Symptoms from CKD stages 1, 2, 3a, 3b, and 4
• Uremia
• Trouble concentrating
• Taste changes
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Nausea and/or vomiting
• Abnormal thyroid levels
• Swelling in hands, legs, and/or eyes
• Lower back pain
• Trouble sleeping
• Weight loss

Steps to take

• Meet regularly with your kidney doctor to monitor your progression.
• Visit your primary care doctor for any changes to your existing conditions.
• Meet with your insurance coordinator to understand your coverage options.
• Be ready to start the treatment option that best fits your lifestyle.
• Make healthy lifestyle changes like eating well, exercising, and quitting smoking.